采用水热法将 ZnNiAl 金属盐溶液混合制得一系列水滑石前驱体，通过在不同温度下焙烧后获得ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物。利用SEM、HRTEM、TEM、XRD、BET、TG?DTA 和UV?Vis DRS 测试方法对样品进行表征。在模拟太阳光照射下，通过测定甲基橙溶液的光催化降解率来评价样品的光催化活性。研究Zn/Ni/Al 摩尔比、焙烧温度等对样品结构组成、形貌及光催化活性的影响。结果表明，相比水滑石前驱体， ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物有更好的光催化性能，当原料中Zn/Ni/Al摩尔比为2：1：1时，在600°C 焙烧所得的催化剂具有最佳光催化活性。在模拟太阳光照射下，60 min内对浓度为100 mg/L甲基橙的降解率达97.3%，相同条件下远远超过了Degussa P25的活性。并且对ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物可能的光催化机理进行了探讨。
ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4 mixed-metal oxides were successfully synthesized through a hydrotalcite-like precursor route, in which appropriate amounts of metal salts solutions were mixed to obtain a new series of ZnNiAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as precursors, followed by calcination under different temperatures. The as-obtained samples were characterized by SEM, HRTEM, TEM, XRD, BET, TG?DTA, and UV?Vis spectra techniques. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by degradation of methyl orange (MO) under the simulated sunlight irradiation. The effects of Zn/Ni/Al mole ratio and calcination temperature on the composition, morphology and photocatalytic activity of the samples were investigated in detail. The results indicated that compared with ZnNiAl-LDHs, the mixed-metal oxide showed superior photocatalytic performance for the degradation of MO. A maximum of 97.3%photocatalytic decoloration rate within 60 min was achieved from the LDH with the Zn/Ni/Al mole ratio of 2:1:1 and the calcination temperature of 500 °C, which much exceeded that of Degussa P25 under the same conditions. The possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation over ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4 was discussed.
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