为了更好地了解风化壳淋积型稀土矿中稀土和铝的浸出过程，运用色谱塔板理论对稀土和铝的柱浸传质过程进行研究。结果表明，在一定范围内，提高铵根离子浓度能强化浸出传质过程。浸取剂 pH 在2~8的范围内对稀土的浸取传质效率几乎没有影响，而在强酸性条件下(pH＜4)能提高铝的浸出传质效率。存在一最佳流速使浸取传质效率最高。稀土的最佳浸取条件如下：浸取剂 pH 4~8、铵根离子浓度0.4 mol/L、流速0.5 mL/min。稀土和铝的浸出传质效率由低到高的顺序均为(NH4)2SO4 In order to better understand the leaching process of rare earth (RE) and aluminum (Al) from the weathered crust elution-deposited RE ore, the mass transfer of RE and Al in column leaching was investigated using the chromatographic plate theory. The results show that a higher initial ammonium concentration in a certain range can enhance the mass transfer process. pH of leaching agent in the range of 2 to 8 almost has no effect on the mass transfer efficiency of RE, but plays a positive role in the mass transfer efficiency of Al under strong acidic condition (pH<4). There is an optimum flow rate that makes the highest mass transfer efficiency. The optimum leaching condition of RE is the leaching agent pH of 4?8, ammonium concentration of 0.4 mol/L and flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The mass transfer efficiencies of RE and Al both follow the order: (NH4)2SO4
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