氧气底吹炉是一种类似诺兰达炉的卧式旋转反应器,但富氧空气从炉体底部喷入熔体.通过分析底吹熔炼特性,提出了氧气底吹炼铜机理.在机理模型中,底吹炉内由上到下分成7个功能层,分别是烟气层、矿料分解过渡层、渣层、造渣过渡层、造锍过渡层、弱氧化层和强氧化层;沿轴线方向分成3个功能区,分别是反应区、分离过渡区、液相澄清区.模型中所有的层和区分别具有不同的作用.氧气底吹熔炼过程处于非稳态的近似多相平衡状态,且炉内不同空间位点的氧势、硫势呈梯度变化;通过合理控制不同层、区的氧势、硫势,可进一步提高氧气底吹炉的熔炼能力.
The SKS furnace is a horizontal cylindrical reactor similar to a Noranda furnace, however, the oxygen enriched air is blown into the furnace from the bottom. Mechanism model of the SKS process was developed by analyzing the smelting characteristics deeply. In our model, the furnace section from top to bottom is divided into seven functional layers, i.e., gas layer, mineral decomposition transitioning layer, slag layer, slag formation transitioning layer, matte formation transitioning layer, weak oxidizing layer and strong oxidizing layer. The furnace along the length direction is divided into three functional regions, that is, reaction region, separation transitioning region and liquid phase separation and settling region. These layers or regions play different roles in the model in describing the mechanism of the smelting process. The SKS smelting is at a multiphase non-steady equilibrium state, and the oxygen and sulfur potentials change gradually in the length and cross directions. The smelting capacity of the SKS process could be raised through reasonably controlling the potential values in different layers and regions.
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