以Br(o)nsted-Lewis酸性离子液体为催化剂,用于催化生物柴油中不饱和脂肪酸甲酯聚合制备二聚酸甲酯反应,考察了催化剂种类、催化剂用量、反应温度和时间等因素对聚合反应性能的影响,得到较佳的反应条件.结果表明,当以1-(3-磺酸)-丙基-3-甲基咪呻氯锌酸盐[HO3S-(CH2)3-mim]C1-ZnC12(ZnC12摩尔分数为0.67)为催化剂,生物柴油15g,m(生物柴油):m(离子液体)=15:1,于240℃下反应6h时,二聚酸甲酯收率为63.2%,其中三聚体含量小于5%.另外,该催化剂重复使用5次后,二聚酸甲酯收率仍超过63%,表明其具有较好的重复使用性能.离子液体的Br(o)nsted和Lewis酸位的协同效应显著提高了其催化活性.
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