采用从头算原子热力学方法系统研究了Ni-rich和Pt-rich条件下Pt3Ni(111)在不同偏析、表面化学吸附氧覆盖度下560个可能结构的相对稳定性,构建了氧气气氛下Pt3Ni(111)表面结构演化、直至满覆盖化学吸附氧的热力学相图.结果表明,随着氧的化学势的升高,在热力学上仅出现两类稳定的结构,主要包括没有化学吸附氧的干净Pt-skin表面,以及在很低氧的化学势下就形成自含有化学吸附氧的Ni-skin表面,而有化学吸附氧的PtNi表面合金化的中间结构则处于亚稳态.仔细分析发现,这些结构的形成主要由金属的偏析能、氧与两种金属成键强弱的差别、氧的化学势的高低三个因素共同决定.
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