研究了A1Cl3催化剂作用下,水热体系中玉米秸秆中半纤维素组分在温和条件下的选择性转化.详细考察了反应温度、反应时间和AlCl3用量对半纤维素选择性转化的影响.原料及反应后的固体残渣分别采用化学滴定、X射线衍射和扫描电镜进行表征.结果表明,140℃下反应1h可转化玉米秸秆中的大部分半纤维素,转化率为85.1％;而玉米秸秆中的绝大部分纤维素和木质素组分仍保留在固体残渣中,此时纤维素和木质素的转化率分别为10.7％和23.9％.半纤维素转化的主要液体产物为木糖,同时含有一些乙酸和糠醛.升高温度,将滤液进行进一步反应可促进木糖的转化.在水/四氢呋喃反应体系中,滤液的进一步反应有利于乙酰丙酸、甲酸和糠醛的生成.固体酸催化剂γ-Al2O3/SO42-的加入可进一步提高糠醛的收率.
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