Fructose was used as an efficient catalyst for three-component condensation reactions of aryl alde-hydes, malononitrile, and dimedone in a mixture of EtOH and H2O as green solvents. The advantages of this method are a short reaction time, high yields, low cost, easy accesses, and simple work-up. The mechanism of the synthesis of a derivative of 4H-tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran was clarified using spectroscopic kinetic methods. The activation energy (Ea = 65.34 kJ/mol) and related kinetic pa-rameters (ΔG? = 69.14 kJ/mol, ΔS? = 20.99 J/(mol·K), and ΔH? = 62.89 kJ/mol) were calculated, based on the effects of temperature, concentration, and solvent. The first step in the proposed mechanism was identified as the rate-determining step (k1), based on the steady-state approxima-tion.
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