分别利用炭黑、石油焦、针状焦和天然石墨粉为填料,煤沥青为黏结剂,经模压成型(150MPa,10min)、炭化(1300℃,1h)和石墨化(2300℃)制备炭/石墨材料.考察了填料类型对最终炭/石墨材料物理性能和微观结构的影响.研究结果表明:利用炭黑为填料所制材料具有较高的机械强度,但其导热和导电性能相对较差;经石墨化后(2300℃),其抗弯和抗压强度分别达到88.0和173.2MPa.而以天然石墨粉为填料所制材料具有较好的导热和导电性能,在室温下其导热率达到278W/m · K;另外,其抗弯和抗压强度分别达到51.1和90.2MPa.微观结构分析表明,以天然石墨粉为填料所制得的材料具有最大的微晶尺寸和高度的取向性.
Carbon/graphite material was prepared by subjecting a mixture of coal-tar pitch binder and a relevant filler to uniaxial compression at 150MPa for 10min, followed by calcination at 1300℃ for 1 h, and graphitization at 2300℃ in an induction furnace. Four fillers, carbon black(CB), petroleum-coke powder, needle-coke powder, and natural graphite powder(NG), were used. The effect of filler type on the performance and microstructure of the material was investigated. Results reveal that the CB-based material has excellent flexural and compressive strength, with the highest values of 88.0 and 173.2MPa, respectively, but poor thermal and electrical conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the NG-based material has the highest value of 278W/m · K, but the flexural and compressive strength are limited to 51.1 and 90.2MPa, respectively. Microstructural analysis showed that the NG-based material has the largest crystallite size, as well as the most perfect orientation of graphite layers.
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