热解柠檬酸镁或柠檬酸钡,制备了两种介孔炭(MgC或BaC),并将其用作双电层电容器电极材料.采用氮气吸附、扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱对所制介孔炭进行表征.结果表明:所制介孔炭孔结构与柠檬酸盐所含金属阳离子有关.其中,BaC呈典型的双峰孔径分布,最可几孔径分别为3. 8nm和15nm;而MgC的孔道主要是小尺寸的介孔或微孔.通过循环伏安、恒流充放电法测试所制介孔炭作为电化学电容器电极材料时的电化学性质.测试表明,在离子液体中MgC和BaC都具有很高的比电容值,分别达到180F·g-1和171F·g-1.其中,BaC的倍率性能良好,能量密度可达到53. 3Wh·kg-1,最大功率密度为20kW·kg-1.BaC优良的电容特性主要归因于其孔径双峰分布的孔结构和亲水性表面化学性质.
Two mesoporous carbons were prepared by simple pyrolysis of commercial magnesium or barium citrate and tested as electrode materials for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), denoted MgC and BaC, respectively. The as-prepared carbon materials were characterized by N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Nitrogen adsorption measurements demonstrated that the porosity of the prepared carbons was related to the type of metal cation. BaC possesses a typical bimodal pore size distribution (PSD) at 3.8 and about 15nm, while MgC was between small-size mesoporous and microporous. The carbons were tested as electrode materials using different electrochemical means such as cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge. Very high specific capacitance (180F·g-1 for MgC and 171F·g-1 for BaC) was achieved in an ionic liquid electrolyte. BaC proved to be an excellent electrode material with a high rate performance for EDLC application and exhibited an energy density up to 53.3Wh·kg-1 and a high maximum specific power density of 20kW·kg-1 in IL electrolyte. The good capacitive performance of BaC is attributed to its bimodal PSD and hydrophilic surface properties.
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