采用HClO4对石油焦进行氧化改性,按照碱碳比为3∶1的比例将改性石油焦活化成活性炭,产物标记为OAC-3.作为对比,按照碱碳比4∶1将石油焦活化成活性炭,产物标记为AC-4.采用XRD、I2吸附、N2吸附和循环伏安研究HClO4氧化对石油焦结构和产物活性炭性能的影响.结果表明,HClO4氧化将石油焦石墨微晶d(002)晶面层间距由0.344nm提高到0.353nm,同时将晶粒粒径由2.34nm减小到1.75nm.AC-4和OAC-3的比表面积分别为2 929和3 058m2/g,在0.5 mV/s的扫描速率下,其比电容分别为361.3和392.7 F/g;基于OAC-3的超级电容器具有更好的功率特性.
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