采用绿色处理过程从草本植物中提取14 wt%木质素,以该木质素取代25%苯酚制备酚醛树脂,并以木质素酚醛树脂为碳源、聚氨酯泡沫为模板制备泡沫炭,并研究其油水分离性能.结果表明,所得泡沫炭具有开放大孔、低密度、疏水亲油的性能,并对有机溶剂和油品展现出良好的吸附性能,其饱和吸附量可达其自身重量的12~41倍.泡沫炭吸附有机溶剂后可通过直接燃烧进行脱附,循环使用10次后,泡沫炭对植物油仍可保留83%的饱和吸附量.
Carbon foams for oil/water separation were synthesized using lignin-phenol-formaldehyde ( LPF) resin as the carbon source and polyurethane ( PU) foam as the template. Lignin was extracted from sedge grass and was used to replace 25 wt% of the phenol to prepare a LPF resin in an alkaline medium. The carbon foams exhibit unique properties such as open macropores, low bulk density, good water repellency and efficient oil absorption. The absorption capacities of the carbon foams are 12 to 41 times their own weight for a wide range of oils and organic solvents. The foams can be recycled by directly burning the oil within their pores and absorption capacity remains above 83% after 10 absorption test cycles, indicating that the carbon foams are promising oil sor-bents with a good recyclability.
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