发现了采用减量化重稀土镝添加高效制备块状超高矫顽力稀土永磁体新型方法.在钕铁硼(Nd-Fe-B)系稀土永磁材料中以DyH3的形式掺入稀土镝(Dy)元素,在不同烧结温度1020,1040,1050,1060,1080℃下进行烧结,制备成一系列DyH3掺杂(PrNd) 30 Fe69B磁体和未掺杂的(PrNd) 30 Fe69B磁体.研究剩磁、矫顽力与烧结温度及显微结构之间的关系.结果显示:随着温度的升高,剩磁不断上升;矫顽力在烧结温度1020 ～1050℃时达到最大.重稀土Dy添加可有效增加Nd-Fe-B磁体的矫顽力.采用扫描电镜和能谱仪研究了不同烧结温度对磁体晶粒尺寸、Dy在晶粒内与晶界处成分分布的影响,发现温度超过1060℃时,晶粒会过度长大,使其矫顽力随之下降.稍低的烧结温度1020～1050℃可以获得Dy分布于晶粒呈“壳”状结构并使得Dy尽量分布于晶界处,获得了制备高矫顽力块体稀土永磁较满意的Dy减量化方法.
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