采用多向锻造的方法研究室温下锻造道次对高纯铝组织的影响,并用三维DEFORM软件对实验过程进行模拟.结果表明:经3次多向锻造后,高纯铝试样横截面上形成1个X形的细晶区及4个粗晶区,随锻造道次增至9,细晶区的面积不断扩大,粗晶区的面积不断缩小,但细晶区与粗晶区的晶粒尺寸差异并未消除.当高纯铝试样心部的等效应变量达到2.5时,心部再结晶晶粒尺寸达到70μm,继续增加心部的等效应变至6.0,心部的晶粒不再随等效应变量的增加而细化,达到晶粒细化的极限.而当试样边部难变形区和自由变形区的等效应变量增至4.0时,其再结晶晶粒仍随等效应变量的增加而细化,未达到晶粒细化极限.这表明局部等效应变量及局部变形方式均是影响高纯铝晶粒细化的重要因素.
The effect of forging pass on the deformation structure of high purity aluminum at room temperature during multi-direction forging process was investigated by experiment.The multi-direction forging process was analyzed by using software of DEFORM-3D.The results show that an X-shape fine grain zone (in the center of the sample) and four coarse grain zones (near the end surface of the sample) are initially formed on the cross section of the sample as forging passes increase to 3.With a further increasing the passes to 9, this X-shape zone tends to spread the whole sample.However, the grain difference between the coarse grain zone and fine grain zone still exists on the sample forged by 9 passes.Limitation in the structural refinement is observed in the center of the sample with the increment of equivalent strain.The grains size in the center is refined to a certain size (about 70μm) as equivalent strain reaches 2.5, and no further grain refinement in the center with increasing the equivalent strain to 6.0.However, the grains size in the area near the surface is continuously refined with the increasing the equivalent strain to 4.0.This indicates that the local deformation state and the equivalent strain are two important factors that affect the grain size.
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