采用多束电子束流焊接Ti60钛合金,并利用小孔法和有限元分析方法分别测试和模拟焊后残余应力值.对焊前预热、焊后缓冷和焊前预热+焊后缓冷三种焊接工艺下的残余应力值进行比较,研究残余应力的分布规律.研究结果表明,在垂直焊缝截面上,纵向残余应力σx的模拟结果与测试结果在变化趋势上基本一致.在平行焊缝截面上,实测与模拟纵向残余应力σx的分布规律相似.证明了有限元模型的合理性和可靠性.采用预热+焊接的焊接工艺对残余应力影响不大,采用焊接+缓冷的焊接工艺可以改变残余应力的分布.
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