综述了尿素直接醇解合成碳酸二甲酯反应的热力学,并对近年来该反应的催化剂进行了较系统的评述,包括有机金属催化剂,金属盐及负载型金属盐,酸碱催化剂和离子液体.在此基础上,对没有催化剂时及分别以Bronsted酸、路易斯酸、路易斯碱为催化剂时的反应机理进行了概述,认为开发一种新型高效、绿色且有工业价值的催化剂是实现尿素直接醇解制备DMC工业化的关键.
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