通过磷酸-二氧化碳活化法将毛竹废料制备成活性炭,再以HNO3、HCl、H2 SO4为改性剂,对自制活性炭进行表面改性,并在CO2气氛中进行二次扩孔,制成以KOH为电解液的双电层电容器炭电极.采用低温N2吸附法和X射线光电子能谱仪对样品孔结构和表面性质进行表征,结果表明:经酸改性处理后的活性炭样品孔径分布总体差异不大,但比表面积和总孔容下降,活性炭表面性质发生较大变化.采用恒流充放电、循环伏安法和交流阻抗法考察了活性炭电极的电化学性能.结果表明,改性后活性炭电极比电容增大,其中以硝酸改性效果为最佳.酸改性后内阻均有所下降,说明改性后的活性炭亲水性提高,从而降低离子扩散阻力.
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