铝合金搭接结构材料2A12与螺栓材料ML30CrMnSiA因存在电位差,在沿海潮湿的大气环境中服役时会发生电偶腐蚀.采用自制实验装置模拟沿海大气环境,通过电化学极化曲线测试法分别测量铝合金材料和螺栓材料在0.5mm厚液膜下的边界值,运用数值仿真软件BEASY对搭接件表面偶合后的电位、电流密度分布及腐蚀速率进行模拟计算.研究结果表明,铝合金板2A12与螺栓搭接后作为偶对阳极电位正移:与螺栓直接接触的位置,阳极极化程度最高,电偶腐蚀速率最大;随与螺栓距离增大,铝合金板的电偶腐蚀速率向两侧递减.
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