塑性变形技术可实现金属纳米材料的制备,并且可改进材料的表面性能.本研究设计一种镶嵌滚珠的摩擦头并安装在铣床上,对经1150℃等温10 h、水冷处理后的高氮奥氏体不锈钢0Cr21Mn17M02NbN0.83(钢板、厚度8 mm)进行表面机械压磨处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、XRD、显微硬度仪等研究分析了经机械压磨处理后实验钢表面层组织及硬度的变化,同时考察了奥氏体表面层的结构稳定性.结果表明:经240 min、360 min、480 min机械压磨处理后,可获得具有纳米尺度的表面层,且表面层的组织稳定,仍为单相奥氏体.由表面至距表面700 μm深度区域,晶粒尺寸呈梯度递增趋势;硬度由表面至基体逐渐减小,表面硬度较基体硬度提高1倍以上.
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