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投加阻垢剂是解决反渗透(Reverse osmosis,RO)膜结垢问题简单有效的方法。综述了 RO 系统中阻垢剂的合成应用、阻垢特征、机理及存在问题。含磷类阻垢剂因导致水体磷污染已经基本被其它几类阻垢剂替代,绿色环保类阻垢剂在阻垢效果和可降解性方面均比聚合物类好。但任何阻垢剂单独使用都难于满足(RO)系统阻垢的实际需求,阻垢剂的复配可相互弥补单一阻垢剂的缺陷,同时发挥其协同效应,而阻垢剂的特征改性具有更强的针对性和适用性。因此,阻垢剂的复配和改性是其研究的趋势和重点。

Adding scale inhibitors is a simple and effective solution for the membrane scaling of reverse osmosis (RO)system.The syntheses and applications,scaling characteristics,mechanism and existing problems of scale in-hibitors in RO system are summarized.Phosphorous scale inhibitors are being replaced by environmental friendly in-hibitors due to phosphorus pollution,as the latter have better scale inhibition effect and biodegradability.But it is dif-ficult to meet the requirements of practical scaling in RO system by applying a single scale inhibitor.The combination of scale inhibitors can complement the defects of the individuals and generate a synergistic effect.On the other side, modification of scale inhibitors has more pertinence and applicability.The paper suggests that combination and modifi-cation represent the further research tendency and key point of scale inhibitors.

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