化学镀Ni-P是提高铝合金表面耐蚀耐磨性的主要方法之一,但施镀前通常要进行前处理,以去除表面氧化膜.以氯化胆碱-乙二醇低共熔体系为溶剂,CuCl2·2H2O为铜源,通过浸镀方法在铝合金表面制备铜层,再后续化学镀Ni-P,并与未经浸镀前处理和浸锌前处理铝合金表面的化学镀Ni-P层进行对比.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、动电位极化及ASTM D3359-93胶带测试法研究了不同前处理方法对Ni-P镀层结构和性能的影响.结果表明:与未经浸镀前处理和浸锌前处理相比,通过浸镀铜前处理的铝合金表面得到的Ni-P镀层呈常规的胞状颗粒结构,腐蚀电位与腐蚀电流分别为-0.343 V和2.109×10-6 A/cm2,耐蚀性较好;根据ASTM D3359-93标准,镀层与基底的附着性为5B.
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