将硫堇电聚合在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上,然后在其表面固定3α-羟类固醇脱氢酶制备了胆汁酸传感器.由于该传感器具有光敏和电子受体功能的光电界面,同时偶合了光致电化学效应和酶促反应,能与3α-羟类固醇脱氢酶催化胆汁酸产生的电子供体NADH(烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸)产生光致电化学反应,通过测量反应产生的光电流实现了对胆汁酸的检测.探讨了胆汁酸传感器对胆汁酸的光致电化学响应机理,研究了多壁碳纳米管、酶固定量和硫堇初始浓度对光电极性能的影响.在优化了电解质溶液pH值、辅酶用量和偏压的测试条件下,该传感器对胆汁酸的测定范围为1.80~ 40.0μmol/L,检出限为0.67 μmol/L.应用该传感器对药品胆酸钠片和人尿中胆汁酸进行的检测结果显示,相对标准偏差小于5.64%,加标回收率为96% ~ 104%.该传感器的制备和对胆汁酸的检测不需要除氧,有经济、简便等优点.
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