研究了Sn气体扩散电极(SGDE)上电化学还原CO2制甲酸(ERCF)性能的稳定性.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能量色散谱(EDX)和活性表面积测试等技术手段分别表征SGDE在电化学还原CO2制甲酸过程前后的物相结构、表面形貌、元素组成和活性表面积.采用生成甲酸的法拉第效率(fHCOOH)评价SGDE上电化学还原CO2制甲酸的性能.结果显示,fHCOOH随电解时间的延长急剧地降低,电解时间12 h的fHCOOH((36.6±1.6)％)比电解时间0.5h时的fHCOOH((78.5±0.1)％)降低了53％.SGDE在12h电还原反应后,表面沉积了微量Fe,而且Sn含量(质量分数)减少了66％,活性表面积降低了41％.进一步的研究发现,沉积的微量Fe对电化学还原CO2制甲酸过程基本没有影响,Sn含量和活性表面积的降低可能是SGDE上电化学还原CO2制甲酸性能降低的主要原因.
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