以硝酸铅、氧氯化锆、钛酸四丁酯为反应物前躯体，氢氧化钾为矿化剂，采用水热法合成PZT粉体。系统研究了反应温度、反应时间、矿化剂浓度和引入表面活性剂聚乙烯醇（PVA）对PZT晶体生长的影响。通过XRD和SEM对粉体进行了表征，探索出制备PZT粉体的最佳条件，研究结果表明：在KOH浓度为2 mol／L、180℃反应12 h的条件下可制备得到粒径约为1μm，粒径均匀，晶体发育完整的钙钛矿结构的PZT粉体；在该反应体系中加入适量PVA时得到了棒状纤维结构的粉体。
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders have been synthesized by hydrothermal process. Pb(NO3)2, ZrOCl2·8H2O and Ti (OC4H9)4 were used as raw materials and KOH was used as mineralizer in hydrothermal reaction. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, concentration of KOH and adding of PVA on powders’ morphology and particle size were studied. The powders were characterized by X?ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). PZT powders with excellent crystallinity, homogeneous size distribution can be obtained at 180℃ with KOH concentration of 2 mol/L and reaction time of 12 h. The powders grew into cubic and primary particle size was 1μm in this reaction condition. When PVA was added into the hydrothermal reaction system, The PZT powders grew into rod.
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