为探索紫铜－碳钢磁脉冲焊接（ MPW）接头界面形貌等微观特征，本文进行了T2紫铜管和50＃钢管的磁脉冲焊接试验，在电压11 kV、径向间隙2．2 mm、重叠面积比3／4的条件下，获得了T2铜管－50＃钢管冶金连接接头．通过光学金相、SEM／EDS、显微硬度和纳米压痕试验，重点研究了接头界面形貌、基体元素扩散和硬度分布．结果表明：接头由未焊合区、波状界面结合区、平直界面结合区等特征区域构成，连接区长度达到5 mm；波状结合区界面波长约为60μm，波峰幅值高约20μm；平直界面结合区基体元素扩散区（过渡区）宽度约2μm，而在波状界面结合区，扩散区宽度可达6μm；接头铜侧硬度相对初始值提高50％，最高硬度值出现在靠近界面的50号钢侧，而界面硬度介于两种母材之间．
To explore the interface morphology of magnetic pulse welding ( MPW) between copper and carbon steel, metallurgical joint between T2 copper ring and 50#carbon steel tube was obtained through MPW process under discharge voltage of 11 kV, radial gap of 2. 2 mm and lapped ratio of 3/4. Interface morphologies, elemental diffusions and hardness distributions were investigated by means of optical metallographic, SEM/EDS, microhardness and nano indentation tests. The joints were composed of not welding area, wavy bonding area and straight bonding area. The length of metallurgical joint is up to 5 mm. Within the wavy bonding area, the wavelength and amplitude are about 60μm and 20μm, respectively. The width of mutual diffusion region of Cu, Fe elements is up to 2 μm in the straight bonding area. And it increases up to 6 μm in the wavy bonding area. The hardnesswas enhanced as 1.5 times as its initial value. The highest hardness values appear at near the interface of the 50 steel sides, while the interfacial hardness is between two kinds of base materials. Keywords:magnetic pulse welding;copper/steel;interface morphology;mechanical properties.
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