Zr元素在铝合金中有多种存在形式，在凝固时形成的Zr元素存在形式直接影响铝合金的凝固组织和后续变形热处理过程中的组织性能.本文采用宏微观组织分析及性能检测的方法，研究了一定凝固条件下Zr含量变化对工业纯铝中Zr存在形式的影响，以及不同存在形式的Zr对质量分数99.7％工业纯铝凝固组织及性能的影响.研究结果表明：在800℃铜模浇铸条件下，Zr质量分数为0~0.2％时，工业纯铝的凝固组织均为较粗大的柱状晶；Zr质量分数增至0.3％时，工业纯铝试样边部为柱状晶，心部则为比较细小的等轴晶；在Zr质量分数为0.1％、0.2％的试样中未发现初生含Zr相，而在Zr质量分数为0.3％的试样中发现了一些团聚的小块状含Zr相.随着Zr质量分数由0增至0.3％，工业纯铝的电导率由60.9％IACS降至51.6％IACS，硬度由22.4 HV3增至26.3 HV3.
In the aluminum alloys, the Zr element own versatile existing forms. The Zr existing forms in the solidification process affect not only the as-casting structure of the aluminum alloy but also the structure and mechanical properties in the subsequent deformation heat treatment process. The effect of the Zr content on the existing forms of Zr in commercial aluminum with certain solidification condition was investigated by experiment. And the different existing forms of Zr on the as-casting structure and property of the commercial aluminum was investigated. The result show that when the Zr content was up to 0.2 wt.%, the coarse columnar grains distribute on the whole cross section of the ingot as cast in the copper mold at 800℃. The fine equiaxed grains occupy the center of the cross section as Zr content was up to 0. 3 wt.%. There are no primary phase contained Zr was founded in the commercial aluminum as the Zr content is 0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.%. While, some agglomerate small size phases contained Zr were founded in the commercial aluminum as the Zr content is 0.3 wt.%. The electrical conductivity of commercial aluminum decreased from 51. 6%IACS to 60. 9% IACS, and the hardness increased from 22.4 HV3 to 26.3 HV3 with the content of Zr increased from 0 to 0.3 wt.%.
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