在分数阶黏弹性模型的基础上，根据Mittag-Leffler函数的性质及Laplace变换公式推导了磁流变弹性体的蠕变柔量和应力松弛模量的表达式；利用流变仪分别测试了磁流变弹性体的蠕变和松弛行为，研究了磁场和应变对蠕变柔量和应力松弛模量的影响，并对分数阶黏弹性模型拟合结果进行了验证。结果表明：外部磁场可以约束硅橡胶基磁流变弹性体的蠕变行为、增大聚氨酯橡胶基磁流变弹性体的松弛模量，其松弛行为具有明显的应变依赖性；分数阶黏弹性模型的拟合精度较高，能够很好地表征磁流变弹性体的蠕变和松弛行为。
On the basis of the viscoelastic fractional derivative model,the expressions of creep compliance and stress relaxation modulus for magnetorheological elastomer were deduced according to the properties of Mittag-Leffler function and Laplace transformation.The creep and relaxation behavior for the magnetorheological elastomers was tested by the rheometer respectively and the effects of the magnetic field and the strain on the creep compliance and stress relaxation modulus were investigated.Furthermore,the fitting results by the viscoelastic fractional derivative model were verified.The results show that the creep behavior of the silicone rubber matrix magnetorheological elastomer was restrained greatly while the relaxation modulus of the polyurethane rubber matrix magnetorheological elastomer was enhanced by the external magnetic field,and the relaxation behavior exhibited an obvious strain dependence;the fitting accuracy of the viscoelastic fractional derivative model was relatively high and the model was suitable for the characterization of creep and relaxation behavior of the magnetorheological elastomer.
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