齿轮轴承钢坯模锻过程中不同部位的形变参数变化极不均匀，晶粒尺寸演变规律复杂多变。通过Gleeble等温热压缩试验获得材料物性参数，利用YLJ再结晶模型对有限元软件DEFORM-3D进行二次开发，进而模拟出模锻过程中齿轮轴承钢坯的晶粒尺寸演变规律。研究发现：齿轮轴承钢坯晶粒尺寸在锻造期呈脉冲变化，不同部位的晶粒在再结晶期增长幅值不一样，底部边缘和中下部晶粒尺寸易粗化，中心和中上部晶粒尺寸比较小；将锻件心部和底部边缘的晶粒形貌和晶粒尺寸与模拟结果进行对比，模拟与实际结果对应良好。提出的晶粒演变模拟方法能很好预测模锻过程复杂的晶粒尺寸演变规律。
The deformation parameters in different parts of the gear and bearing billet during forging process are differ-ent,and the evolution of grain size is very complex. In this paper,material parameters were obtained through the Gleeble isothermal compression test,the secondary developments of the finite element software DEFORM-3D were carried based on the YLJ recrystallization model. The evolution of grain size in different parts of gear and bearing steel was simulated. The results show that the grain size of gear and bearing steel changes in pulse during forging stage,the growth amplitude of the grain in different parts during the recrystallization is complicated,the grain size in the bottom edge and the lower part are easy to grow up and the grain size in the center and the upper part are fine. The simulated grain morphology and grain size in the center and the bottom edge corresponds well to the actual one. The complex evolution of grain size during the die forging process can be well predicted with the simulation method proposed in this paper.
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