赤泥是从铝土矿中浸出氧化铝后产生的固态废渣，含有一定量的铁、氧化铝以及其他有价金属元素。为了综合回收赤泥中铁和氧化铝，开发了赤泥配碳制备成含碳球团，含碳球团直接还原-熔分生产金属铁，熔渣自粉化浸出氧化铝的方法。试验研究了不同工艺参数对赤泥中铁和氧化铝提取结果的影响，得到的最佳工艺条件为：碳氧比为1.8，还原温度为1250℃，还原时间为60 min，熔分温度为1500℃，熔分时间为20 min，熔渣冷却速度小于20℃/min，钙铝比为1.6。在最佳工艺参数下，得到的生铁磷、硫质量分数分别为0.047%和0.017%，熔渣中w(FeO)为1.26%，熔渣自粉化完全，自粉化渣中Al2O3浸出率可以达到86.65%。
Red mud is the solid waste residue generated during alumina production from bauxite,which contains consid-erable amount of alumina,ferric oxide and other valuable metals. In order to recovery alumina and iron from red mud, the process of pig iron produced by direct reduction-smelting of carbon-containing red mud pellets,and alumina leaching from self-disintegrating slag was developed. The effects of different process parameters on extraction of iron and alumina from red mud were researched. The optimum reaction parameters were obtained as the following:the ratio of carbon to oxygen is 1.8,the time of direct reduction at 1 250℃ is 60 min,the time of smelting at 1 500℃is 20 min,slag cooling rate must be less than 20℃/min,the ratio of calcium oxide to alumina is 1.6. With these optimum parameters,the phos-phorus and sulfur content in the pig iron were 0.047%and 0.017%respectively,the ferrous oxide content in the slag was 1.26%,the slag can disintegrate completely,and the alumina leaching ratio can reach 86.65%.
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