基于铈-刚果红-牛血清白蛋白(Ce(Ⅲ)-CGR-BSA)三元离子缔合物的形成,构建了一种新的检测痕量铈的共振线性及共振非线性散射光谱(RNLS)分析法.研究发现,在pH7.6的NH3-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,Ce(Ⅲ)能够与刚果红、牛血清白蛋白反应生成粒径更大、疏水性更强的三元离子缔合物,致使体系的共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)强度迅速增加,其最大散射波长分别位于278、543和390 nm处.通过条件试验确定以0.6 mLpH7.6的NH3-NH4Cl缓冲溶液作为反应介质,0.025 mg/mL刚果红溶液用量为1.8 mL,0.1 mg/mL牛血清白蛋白溶液用量为1.0 mL,反应时间为5 min,且大量存在的常见离子对Ce(Ⅲ)的测定不产生干扰.进一步考察发现,在各自最大散射波长处,3种散射光强度的增强(△IRRS,△ISOS和△IFDS)与Ce(Ⅲ)在2.0～10.0 μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系,对Ce(Ⅲ)的检出限(3σ)分别为0.29 (RRS)、0.91 (SOS)和3.54 ng/mL(FDS).同时,还对反应机理和散射光谱增强的原因进行了探讨.方法用于实际水样中铈的测定,相对标准偏差为0.94％～1.2％,测定值与原子吸收光谱法的结果相一致,加标回收率介于96％～102％之间.
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