在柠檬酸钠-丙酮-乙醇体系中采用光化学还原法同时还原或连续还原Au(Ⅲ),Pt(Ⅳ)离子,合成了Au核@Pt壳复合纳米粒子.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS),UV-Vis,透射电镜(TEM)等分析手段对两种方法合成的复合粒子的结构、形貌等进行了对比分析,并对复合粒子核壳复合结构的光化学形成机制进行了讨论.研究表明:两种方法均可合成颗粒比较均匀、具有良好单分散性的Au核@Pt壳复合纳米粒子,其平均粒径5.1～10.2 nm;其中,同时还原法制备的复合纳米粒子的平均粒径相对较小是5.1～8.1 nm,而当n(Au)∶ n(Pt) =1∶4时,粒径最小,为5.1 nm.同时还原和连续还原法所制备的胶体粒子的UV-Vis吸收光谱与Au,Pt简单混合胶体的有明显不同,双金属复合胶体粒子的UV-Vis吸收光谱中Au的特征共振吸收强度明显下降并且蓝移,下降程度远大于其浓度的降低,且随着粒子中Pt元素含量的进一步增加,Au的特征吸收峰最终消失而只体现Pt的吸收光谱,这表明同时还原和连续还原Au(Ⅲ),Pt(Ⅳ)离子所制备的胶体粒子为双金属复合粒子,复合粒子结构中Au元素存在于粒子内部,Pt元素存在于粒子表面,即两种还原方式所制备的双金属复合粒子具有Au核@Pt壳复合结构.
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