材料期刊网

对国外某铜矿的性质及其影响进行了测试与分析,结果表明,矿石含Cu1.78％,次生硫化铜占有率达18.54％,铜氧化率达28.09％,属硫氧混合型铜矿,回收时应注意防止次生硫化铜的危害,并注重活化与强化捕收研究;黄铁矿含量较高,如何避免黄铁矿被同步捕收、实现铜硫分离,将是综合回收的一个重要难题,这也要求在强化捕收的同时,还应注重捕收剂选择性的提高;矿石中含有较多的易泥化脉石矿物,应注意磨矿过程的合理调控,同时加强矿泥分散;伴生金银主要以粒间和包裹形式存在,且与铜矿物关系密切,有利于在选铜中富集回收,综合回收时应考虑其特殊性,注重强化捕收研究.针对矿石的性质特点,提出了Na2S屏蔽和消除次生Cu2+、合理调控磨矿细度、联合分散与协同活化、低碱度无石灰浮选、酯类捕收剂混合使用的方案,并考察了方案中各因素的影响,结果表明:磨矿细度调控为-74 μm占80％较为合理;Na2S用量1500 g·t-1、(NH4)2SO4与Na2S用量之比1∶1时效果最好;酯-205用量100 g·t-1,乙氧基羰基硫逐氨基甲酸酯(EGTC)与酯-205按1∶2混合为佳.最终,在最佳条件下,采用“一粗-二精-一扫”硫氧混选工艺,可很好地实现矿石中铜及伴生金银的综合回收.

The properties of a certain foreign ore and its influence were tested and analyzed.The results presented that this ore,with Cu content of 1.78％,occupancy of secondary copper sulphide of 18.54％ and Cu oxidation rate of 28.09％,belonged to a type of mixed sulphide-oxide copper ore,and it was necessary to preclude the disadvantage brought by secondary copper sulphide and lay great stress on activation and strengthening collection researches;in the light of high content of pyrite in ore,how to prevent the pyrite from being collected simultaneously and realize the copper-sulfur separation would be an important difficulty for comprehensive recovery,which required increasing selectivity of collectors while strengthening collection;great amount of easily-mudding gangue minerals was embodied in ore,thus it was of great importance to control the grinding process rationally and enhance the dispersion of slime;associated gold-silver largely occurred in intergranular form and inclusion form,and closely related with copper mineral,thus making it possible to be enriched and recovered in copper concentrate.Then,according to properties of the ore,an innovative solution was proposed as "using Na2S to conceal and eliminate secondary Cu2+,rationally controlling grinding fineness,combined dispersion and synergistic activation,low alkalinity flotation without lime,and mixed use of ester-collector",and effects of various factors of the solution were investigated.The results showed that it was reasonable to adjust the grinding fineness to-74 μm accounting for 80%;the optimal effect was obtained when the Na2S dosage was of 1500 g·t-1 and the dosage ratio of (NH4)2SO4 to Na2S was of 1∶ 1;it was advisable to choose the ester-205 dosage as 100 g·t-1 and optimal dosage ration of ECTC to ester-205 as 1∶2 under mixed using.Finally,under the optimum conditions,the comprehensive recovery of copper and associated gold-silver from the ore was successful realized by adopting a process of sulphide and oxide bulk flotation consisting of one roughing,two cleanings and one scavenging.