材料期刊网

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为壳层材料，聚丙烯酸(PAA)为核材料，以传统的 St?ber 水解法为基础制备得到结构规整的中空二氧化硅纳米粒子，并采用自组装法制备单层减反射薄膜和宽波段双层减反射薄膜。主要研究中空二氧化硅纳米粒子的结构调控方法；自组装次数和中空二氧化硅纳米粒子分散液的pH值对减反射薄膜透光率的影响规律，以及具有渐变折射率的双层减反射薄膜的制备。研究结果表明：通过调节 PAA 和 TEOS 的用量可精确调控中空二氧化硅纳米粒子的粒径和空腔体积分率，进而可精确调控减反射薄膜的厚度和折射率；通过酸洗工艺，将自组装次数由10次减少为2次，简化了涂膜的工艺条件，在最佳工艺条件下所制备的单层减反射薄膜在350~800 nm波长范围内可显著提高玻璃的透光率，在最佳波长(λ=520 nm)处将玻璃的透光率由91.6%提高至98.1%；双层减反射薄膜可在更宽的波段范围内提高基材的透光率，在400~1500 nm波长范围内将玻璃的透光率提高了5%以上。

Using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as raw material and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as nucleating material, hollow silica nanoparticles were synthesized on the basis of traditional method of St?ber. Using hollow silica nanoparticles, both single-layer anti-reflection coatings and broad-band double-layer anti-reflection coatings were prepared by self-assembly. The structure control of the hollow silica nanoparticles, the effect of deposition cycle, pH value of the hollow silica nanoparticle dispersion on transmittance of coatings, and the preparation of the dou-ble-layer anti-reflection coatings with a graded-refractive-index were investigated. The results show that the size and void fraction of the hollow silica nanoparticles can be controlled precisely by changing the amount of PAA and TEOS. The thickness and refractive index of the anti-reflection coatings can also be tuned accurately in the same way. The deposition cycles are reduced from 10 cycles to 2 cycles by acid pickling which simplifies the coating process. This new technique significantly increases the transmittance of glasssubstrate coated by single-layer anti-reflection coatings in the range of 350-800 nm under optimum conditions, and improves the maximum trans-mittance from 91.6% to 98.1% at optimized wavelength (λ=520 nm). Furthermore, glass substrate coated by dou-ble-layer anti-reflection coatings can increase the transmittance more than 5% in a much wider wavelength range (400-1500 nm).