采用Hummers方法、优化Hummers方法及改进Hummers方法合成氧化石墨烯,并通过FT-IR、TGA、XRD、XPS、SEM以及元素分析等手段对制备产物进行了表征.结果表明,利用优化Hummers方法制备得到的氧化石墨烯具有较高的氧化程度.三种产物对Th(Ⅳ)、U(Ⅵ)的等温吸附实验结果表明,采用优化Hummers方法制备的氧化石墨烯对Th(Ⅳ)的最大吸附量为192.3 mg/g,相比于Hummers方法制备产物的吸附能力提高了38.5％;对U(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量为156.2 mg/g,吸附能力提高了28.1％,三种样品对Th(Ⅳ)、U(Ⅵ)的吸附都更加符合Langmuir等温吸附模型.此外,考察了优化Hummers方法制备的氧化石墨烯吸附Th(Ⅳ)、U(Ⅵ)的动力学和热力学参数,证实氧化石墨烯吸附Th(Ⅳ)、U(Ⅵ)符合准二级动力学方程,是自发吸热行为.
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