固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)和固体氧化物电解池(SOEC)电堆的电化学分析和诊断是国际上的研究难点.明确多片电堆的本征电化学反应机理和性能规律,是SOFC/SOEC技术实用化的关键.本研究采用弛豫时间分布法(DRT)耦合阻抗谱差异分析法(ADIS)对电堆在燃料电池模式和电解池模式下的复杂电化学行为进行了研究,通过弛豫时间解析出各个过程对应的特征峰,区分出不同的物理化学过程.研究表明,电堆在SOFC模式运行时,其氢电极含水量应大于20％,而SOEC模式运行时,含水量应小于80％,以最小化电池的气体扩散阻抗.本方法可应用于SOFC/SOEC电堆的分析诊断,简化电堆测量分析的复杂性,有助于电堆衰减机理和原因的实时诊断,并对电堆性能提高给出理论依据和指导建议.
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