目的：改进制备聚吡咯/棉织物导电复合材料的原位界面聚合方法。方法将改进的一步三相聚合方式与传统二步二相聚合方式进行分析对比,探讨吡咯浓度、氧化剂用量、水相浴比和油相浴比等制备条件对复合材料导电性能的影响,对产物进行形貌表征,并初步探讨三相界面聚合经历的主要过程。结果确定了较优聚合工艺条件：吡咯浓度0.2 mol/L,氧化剂/单体用量比为1.5,水相浴比为10 mL/g,油相浴比为30 mL/g,吐温-80质量浓度为2 g/L,反应温度为0益,时间为2 h。该条件下,在棉织物表面获得了一层分布均匀且具有三维网状多孔结构形貌的导电聚吡咯膜。初步建立了反应模型：有机相中的表面活性剂胶束包裹吡咯单体,接近浸没于水相中的棉织物表面,在纤维吸附的Fe3+的引发作用下发生原位聚合。结论采用的水/纤维/油三相体系原位界面聚合方法具有耗时较短、操作简单、原料节省且适用于大面积制备等特点,可得到表面电阻在100~200Ω/sq的柔性导电复合材料。
ABSTRACT:Objective To improve the in-situ interfacial polymerization method for preparation of polypyrrole/cotton ( PPy/Ctn) composite conductive materials. Methods The improved method with one step process in three phases was compared and analyzed with the traditional method with two steps in two phases. The effects of preparation conditions such as pyrrole concentration, dosage of the oxidizing agent, water bath ratio and oil bath ratio on the conductive property of the formed materials were discussed. The surface morphology of PPy/Ctn was characterized and a preliminary discussion on the main process through the interfacial polymeri-zation process was also presented. Results An evenly distributed conductive polypyrrole layer with three-dimensional porous net-work structure and morphology was obtained on the cotton fabrics under the following conditions: pyrrole concentration was 0. 2 mol/L, dosage ratio of the oxidizing agent and the monomer was 1. 5, water bath ratio was 10 mL/g, oil bath ratio was 30 mL/g, TW-80 concentration was 2 g/L, reaction temperature was 0 ℃ and reaction time was 2 h. The polymerization reaction model was preliminarily established:pyrrole monomers were wrapped by surfactant micelle in the organic phase, approached to the surface of the cotton fabrics immersed in the aqueous phase, and then started in-situ polymerization under the initiation of Fe3+adsorbed in fi-bers. Conclusion The adopted method of in-situ polymerization in water/fiber/oil three-phase system had the advantages of shorter time requirement, simple operation, material saving and suitable for larger area preparation. A flexible conductive composite with a surface resistance of 100~200 Ω/sq was obtained.
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