硫对钢材的腐蚀是石油化工行业、造纸工业及氧化铝生产行业面临的一个普遍问题。研究表明,纯氢氧化钠溶液中S2-质量浓度达到5 g/L时,3.5 mm厚的CT20碳钢的腐蚀寿命只有6 h,且16Mn钢在含有5 g/L的S2-的铝酸钠溶液中腐蚀速率高达151.21 mm/a。综述了碱性条件下S2-,S2 O2-3,SO2-3和SO2-4等4种形态的硫对钢材腐蚀的研究现状,重点阐述了苛碱条件下S2-对钢材腐蚀的研究进展。拜耳法是高硫铝土矿生产氧化铝的常用方法,在生产过程中,硫以S2-,S2 O2-3和少量SO2-3,SO2-4的形态转入铝酸钠溶液,给生产设备带来严重的腐蚀危害。目前,铝酸钠溶液中硫对钢材腐蚀的研究报道较少,尤其是各种形态的硫在铝酸钠溶液中同时存在时对设备材质具有耦合腐蚀效应：当向5 g/L S2-的铝酸钠溶液中加入5 g/L的S2 O2-3时,16Mn钢的腐蚀速率由151.21 mm/a迅速下降至8.66 mm/a。最后,对耦合腐蚀机理的研究进行了展望。
Sulfur corrosion of steel is a universal problem in petroleum chemistry industry, paper and pulp industry, and alu-mina production industry. It has been proved by studies that the corrosion life of 3. 5 mm thick CT20 carbon steel was only 6 hours when it was in sodium hydroxide solution with 5 g/L S2-, and the corrosion rate of 16Mn steel was as high as 151. 21 mm/y when it was in sodium aluminate solution with 5 g/L S2-. The current research status of 4 forms of sulfur ( S2-, S2 O2-3 , SO2-3 , SO2-4 ) cor-rosion of steel in alkaline solution was reviewed in this paper, and the research progress of S2-corrosion of steel in alkali conditions was discussed particularly. Bayer process is the common method of alumina production with high-sulfur bauxite, during the pro-gress, sulfur is transformed into sodium aluminate solution in the forms of S2-, S2 O2-3 and smaller amounts of SO2-3 , SO2-4 , leading to serious corrosion of the production equipment. At present, sulfur corrosion of steel in sodium aluminate solution is seldom repor-ted, especially the coupled corrosive effects of different forms sulfur on equipment material when they coexist in sodium aluminate solution:the corrosion rate of 16Mn steel was dramatically reduced to 8. 66 mm/a from 151. 21 mm/a when 5 g/L S2 O2-3 was added into sodium aluminate solution with 5 g/L S2-. Finally, study on the mechanism of coupled corrosion was prospected.
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