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激光等离子体冲击波应用技术以其节能、高效、可控性强等优点,受到了众多研究者的广泛关注. 综述了激光等离子体冲击波作用效应,分析了靶表面等离子体和激光维持的爆轰波对靶冲量传递的影响,重点介绍了利用激光等离子体冲击波效应的两项技术——激光冲击强化技术和激光推进技术. 通过对比国内外技术的优势,系统考察了激光冲击强化技术和激光推进技术的原理和应用研究现状,并分析了未来应用研究的趋势. 移动式短脉冲大能量激光器的研制将是未来的一个重要研究方向,需从理论和试验两个方面研究激光参数、环境参数和靶材参量对激光与靶相互作用产生的激光等离子体冲击波效应和声波效应的影响,探索激光等离子体声波和激光等离子体冲击波力学效应的关系. 大能量激光器的体积大,环境要求高,稳定性差,要想真正把激光等离子体冲击波效应应用于实际,就需要开发稳定性好的短脉冲、大能量移动式激光器,提高激光等离子体冲击波效应应用系统的机动性、方便性和可靠性.

More and more researchers have shown great interest in laser plasma shock wave application technology for its ad-vantages such as energy-saving, efficient and controllable. Laser plasma shock wave effects were reviewed, and the effects of the target surface plasma and laser sustaining detonation on target impulse transfer were analyzed. The two technologies using laser plasma shock wave were discussed in detail, namely, laser peening technology and laser propulsion technology. By comparing the advantages of domestic and foreign technologies, the principle and application status of laser peening technology and laser propul-sion technology were systematically investigated, and the trend of application research development of laser plasma shock wave effects was also analyzed. The mobile short-pulse high-energy laser will be an important research direction in the future. The effectsof laser parameters, environment parameters and target material parameters on the laser plasma shock wave effects and acoustic effects generated by the interactions between laser and the target should be studied from the aspects of theory and experiment. And the relationship between laser plasma acoustic effects and laser plasma shock wave mechanical effects was explored. High-energy lasers have large volume, high environment requirements and low stability. In order to apply laser plasma shock wave effects in practice, short-pulse high-energy mobile lasers should be developed, to improve the mobility, convenience and reliability of laser plasma shock wave effects application systems.