目的：解决合成氨生产工艺中压缩工段的压缩机级间换热器结焦问题。方法采用超声清洗方法,选取OP-10、AEO、平平加和TX-10四种非离子表面活性剂和AES、十二烷基磺酸钠两种阴离子表面活性剂作为主剂,将各种主剂配制成浓度为10 g/L的溶液,在温度为30℃条件下对样管超声清洗,研究对比各试剂的清焦能力,并对其进行筛选与复配。同理,将氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、磷酸钠和碳酸钠四种碱性助剂配制成10 g/L的溶液,取同等质量的焦垢,通过对溶解后剩余焦垢量的称量计算其对焦垢的溶解率。结果非离子表面活性剂的清焦能力OP-10>AEO>平平加>TX-10,阴离子表面活性剂的清焦能力AES>十二烷基磺酸钠,且超声清洗最佳时间为10 h。碱性助剂的溶焦能力氢氧化钠(13.2%)>碳酸氢钠(12.5%)>磷酸钠(9.9%)>碳酸钠(9.6%)。结论通过筛选和复配,OP-10和十二烷基磺酸钠作为清洗剂主剂、氢氧化钠为碱性助剂时进行超声清洗的效果较好。
ABSTRACT:Objective To solve the coking problem of compressor stage heat exchanger in compression section of ammonia pro-duction process. Methods Using the ultrasonic cleaning method, selecting OP-10, AEO, peregal and TX-10 as non-ionic surfac-tants, AES and sodium dodecyl sulfate anionic surfactant as the main agents, various 10 g/L solutions of different main agents were prepared, the coke cleaning capacity of different agents in ultrasonic cleaning was comparatively studied at 30 ℃, followed by screening and compounding. At the same time, 10 g/L solutions of sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate were prepared, and their ability to dissolve the coke was examined by weighing the residue coke after dissolving the same mass of coke. Results The coke cleaning capacity of non-ionic surfactants followed the order of OP-10>AEO>peregal>TX-10, while the decoking capacity of anionic surfactants followed the order of AES>sodium dodecyl sulfate. And the optimal ultrason-ic cleaning time was 10 h. The coke dissolving capacity of alkaline additives followed the order of sodium hydroxide(13. 2%)>so-dium bicarbonate(12. 5%)>Sodium(9. 9%)>Sodium carbonate(9. 6%). Conclusion Through screening and compounding, it was found the best ultrasonic cleaning results were obtained when OP-10 and sodium dodecyl sulfate were used as the main cleaning agents, and sodium hydroxide as alkaline additives.
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