以3M78缸体为研究对象,使用自制蠕化剂,通过金相观察和力学性能测试,系统研究了不同蠕化剂加入量对蠕墨铸铁的石墨形态、力学性能和壁厚敏感性的影响.实验结果表明,随着蠕化剂加入量的增加,石墨发生由片状向蠕虫状再向球状形态的转变,力学性能逐渐提高.铸件蠕化效果受壁厚敏感性影响显著,壁厚较薄处蠕化率相对较低.对于3M78缸体,蠕化剂最佳加入范围为0.325％～0.335％,加入量为0.33％时,壁厚为5 mm、12 mm、27 mm部位处的蠕化率分别高达65％、80％、85％.研究结果为蠕墨铸铁发动机缸体的稳定生产提供技术参考.
The 3M78 cylinder was the research object in this study.By using homemade vermiculizer,effect of different vermiculizer amount on graphite morphology,mechanical properties and wall thickness sensitivity of vermicular graphite cast iron was studied by metallographic observation and mechanical tests.The results show that with vermicuhzer amount increasing,the graphite morphology gradually transferred from flake graphite to vermicular graphite,then to spheroidal graphite,and the mechanical properties increased gradually.In addition,the effect of vermiculizer was significantly affected by the wall thickness sensitivity.The vermicularity of thin wall thickness is relatively low.For 3M78 cylinder,adding 0.325％ ～ 335％ of the vermiculizer is the optimal range,and the vermicularity of adding 0.33％ of vermiculizer is 65％,80％ and 85％ for three kinds of different wall thickness.The research results provide reference for the stable production of engine cylinder.
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