对交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘进行加速热氧老化,并在老化过程中揭示了富铜相杂质的存在.通过金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热分析等手段研究了热氧老化过程中富铜相杂质对XLPE聚集态结构的影响,通过工频击穿实验研究了热氧老化过程中富铜相杂质对XLPE电气强度的影响.结果表明:富铜相杂质会引发XLPE球晶结构的加速破坏以及结晶度的加速下降,同时在XLPE绝缘的无定形区中观察到一些起源于富铜相杂质的树枝状裂纹,标志着XLPE绝缘中自由体积的增大.富铜相杂质还会导致XLPE绝缘工频电气强度的加速下降.富钢相杂质对XLPE绝缘聚集态结构和性能的影响主要是由于铜在氧化反应中起到催化剂的作用,导致氧化反应加速,造成XLPE的劣化加剧.氧化诱导期的测量结果表明,铜催化氧化反应只在XLPE中抗氧化剂被完全消耗后才会发生.
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