合成出一种端羟基阳离子水性聚氨酯树脂,采用超声波助混技术将其插层到蒙脱土中,通过阳离子交换制备出含有端羟基高剥离度的有机蒙脱土(HOMMT),并将HOMMT应用到天然橡胶(NR)复合材料中,研究其对天然橡胶复合材料力学性能的影响.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、广角X射线衍射(XRD)、热失重分析(TGA)、透射电镜等检测手段分别对HOMMT结构性能进行分析表征,并用材料拉伸机、阿克隆磨耗机测试HOMMT/天然橡胶复合材料的力学性能.XRD结果表明,改性后的蒙脱土层间距由原来的1.21 nm增加到6.29 nm.FT-IR和TGA表明端羟基阳离子水性聚氨酯树脂大分子链插层于蒙脱土层间.加入剥离型有机蒙脱土后,由于层状硅酸盐纳米粒子的存在,NR复合材料的力学性能得到提高,耐磨性提高约14％.
Na-MMT was exchanged with hydroxyl-terminated cationic waterborne polyurethane resin by ultrasonic assistant mixing technology,and the highly exfoliated organo montmorillonite(HOMMT) with hydroxyl groups was prepared by cation exchange process,and then the titled HOMMT was blended in natural rubber composites,and the effect of HOMMT on the abrasion resistance was studied.The structure and properties of HOMMT were characterized by FT-IR,XRD,TGA and TEM.The mechanical properties of HOMMT/NR composites were determined by strain-stress machine and Akron abrasion machine.The result of XRD shows that the interlayer space of HOMMT increases from 1.21 nm to 6.29 nm.The results of FT-IR and TGA show that the macromolecules chain of HCWPU is present between MMT layers,and because of presence of the silicate nanolayers,thus,the mechanical properties of HOMMT/NR composites are improved.The abrasion resistance is enhanced by 14％compared with the pristine natural rubber.
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