研究了车轮钢中白点的形成过程,制备了白点(氢压裂纹)的真实断口,并与含白点试样的各种断口进行了对比.结果表明,先形成氢鼓泡,然后从鼓泡壁产生微裂纹,它们互相连接形成白点.白点断口和含白点试样的断口概念不同,前者为准解理,与氢致滞后开裂断口相同;后者则依赖断裂方式和试样厚度.钢中白点除了产生二次裂纹外,对各种断口形貌均无影响.车轮钢的滞后断裂由原子氢引起,与白点无关.
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