利用开有V形缺口的平板试样,研究了新型铸造镍基高温合金K445在最高温度分别为800,850,900℃,最低温度为室温的热循环下的热疲劳行为.通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察合金的组织和热疲劳裂纹形貌,研究热疲劳损伤机制.结果表明,热疲劳主裂纹主要从V形缺口处萌生,沿晶界扩展,而二次裂纹则穿晶扩展.当最高循环温度为800℃时,碳化物的组成和分布起主要作用,(Ti,Ta)C型碳化物的开裂处以及碳化物与基体的界面处是裂纹优先扩展区域.当最高循环温度为900℃时,高温氧化起重要作用,应力辅助作用下的晶界氧脆是主要损伤机制.
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