以纳米晶柱作为表面量子点的模型,以不同截面尺寸的Al纳米晶柱为例,对其在不同温度下的弛豫过程进行了一系列分子动力学模拟,采用了Ercolessi等建立的原子镶嵌势计算原子间的相互作用力.结果表明:对于沿相互垂直的{110}和{211}面切割形成的近正方形截面晶柱.其截面厚度存在一热稳定性转变临界值.小于该值时纳米晶柱迅速失稳,发生熔融-重结晶的过程;大于该值时只发生缓慢的表面原子迁移重组.两种情况下形成的稳定结构均为由{111}和{100}面组成的正多面体纳米岛,只是两种面的相对面积比有所不同;该临界尺寸随温度升高而呈近线性增大.模拟结果还显示,纳米晶柱的高度对其稳定性没有明显影响.
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