采用电弧焊对20 mm厚的2519-T87高强铝合金进行表面堆焊,观察了部分熔化区出现的无析出物区(PFZ)的组织特征,并对该区域的形成机理进行了研究.结果表明:无析出物区的形成主要是晶界液化层迁移所导致的,迁移的驱动力为相干应变能,焊缝收缩引起前,后晶粒的应变能差以及晶界曲率引起的界面能差.焊接热输入对无析出物区的形成有一定影响,随着焊接热输入的增加,无析出物区的宽度亦增加.该区的存在使部分熔化区在拉伸和冲击过程中易于断裂,且断裂方式为沿晶断裂.
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