对管材环状试样拉伸过程中试样的受力和变形进行了分析,采用正压力线性变化假设,推导了等宽环状试样的正压力和切向力计算公式.通过等宽试样和标距试样拉伸实验,对理论分析结果进行了验证.结果表明:采用正压力线性变化假设所得的切向力分布规律与拉伸实验结果吻合较好;切向力关于拉伸方向呈轴对称分布,从正上方到两侧逐渐增大;当摩擦系数较小时,切向力分布较均匀,但当摩擦系数较大时,切向力从正上方到两侧迅速增大,试样的颈缩和断裂发生在标距段内靠近标距边缘的位置.
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