利用分子动力学方法模拟了刚性金刚石压头在Ni单晶体上的滑动过程,讨论了压入深度对摩擦力的影响(压入深度对滑动过程中压头下方的微结构演化(能否发射位错环)有很大影响).结合摩擦过程中的塑性行为和能量耗散机制,解释了产生摩擦力锯齿形曲线的原因,证实了位错的形核及湮灭是黏-滑机制的原因之一.不同滑动速度对摩擦力影响的模拟表明,压头的滑动速度决定了压头下方位错环的运动和演化形式:在高速滑动下,形成的位错环依次沿着滑移面很快向Ni单晶基体内扩展;在低速滑动下,压头下方产生的位错环互相发生作用,在材料的亚表面形成较低能量的大位错环,由此产生的塑性变形主要集中在材料的亚表面.
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