对细晶Ti-2A;-2.5Zr合金进行了室温/低温(77 K)疲劳实验及微观组织观察.结果表明:室温低应变幅Δεt/2(=0.5%,1.0%)下,合金表现为循环软化;室温高应变幅(1.5%,2.0%)下,则表现为循环应力饱和;77 K时,不同应变幅下均表现为循环硬化,且随应变幅升高,循环硬化程度增强.疲劳寿命测试结果表明:低温疲劳寿命始终高于室温.断口SEM观察表明,室温和低温下,疲劳裂纹扩展区均有明显的疲劳条纹,疲劳裂纹以穿晶方式扩展,室温下伴随有大量二次裂纹,低温下的二次裂纹数量明显减少.TEM观察表明:低温下孪生是合金主要的变形方式,包括{1011}和{1121}型孪晶.疲劳变形位错组态为:室温较低应变幅(0.5%,1.0%)下,形成位错线和局部位错缠结;室温下应变幅提高到1.5%和2.0%时,{1010}柱面和{1121}锥面滑移同时开动,位错组态演化为亚晶和明显的位错胞.77 K下,应变幅2.0%时形成沿柱面平行分布的位错带;77 K下应变幅升高到4.5%时,多滑移形成相互垂直的位错线.低温诱发形变孪晶是Ti-2Al-2.5Zr低温疲劳寿命升高的原因.
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