PMN-PT单晶与陶瓷在性能及相变方面的特点

无机材料学报, 2001, 16(1): 56-62. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-324X.2001.01.009

PMN-PT单晶与陶瓷在性能及相变方面的特点

王评初 ^1, , 罗豪 ^2, , 李东林 ^3, , 潘晓明 ^4, , 陈辛尘 ^5, , 殷之文 ^6,

1.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

2.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

3.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

4.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

5.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

6.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,

关键词：铌镁酸铅 , 钛酸铅 , 压电性 , 相变

Characters of Piezoelectricity and Phase Transition of PMN-PT Single Crystals and Ceramics

着重介绍了用Bridgman方法生长的(1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3(PMN-PT)固溶体单晶在介电、压电、热释电性能及相变方面的一些特点：①异常高的压电常数d33(高达3000pC/N以上)，耦合系数kt(在0.6以上)，k33(达0.90)，高的介电常数ε(高达5000甚至更高)，低的Qm值(约60)，热释电系数也较高. ②强烈的各向异性. ③随着PT含量的增加，系统的弛豫行为逐渐减弱，在x0.33时, 材料在室温下成为正常铁电体，但PE--FE相变并非正常铁电相变，表现为在T>Tm时,ε～T关系不遵守居里-外斯定律，而是遵守Smolenskii 的关系. 该相变也明显地与弥散相变不同. 这种行为可用无规场的观点加以解释. 对PMN-PT陶瓷，其压电性能与最好的软性PZT相似，而ε和k31略大.

Some special features in dielectric, piezoelectric properties and phase transition behavior of (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) (x=0.24, 0.3, 0.33 and 0.35) single crystals grown by Bridgman method were outlined: 1) Extremely high piezoelectric constant d33 (up to 3000 pC/N) and coupling factors k33 and kt (up to 0.94 and 0.62 respectively), low mechanical factor of merit (Qm60), large dielectric constant (5000). 2) Strong orientation dependence of piezoelectric properties. 3) with increasing PT content, the system becomes less relaxational, but at least upto x=0.35, the system still partly exhibites relaxor feature: for x=0.33 and 0.35. ～T curves look sharp enough to show a normal ferroelectric like feature, however when T>Tm the ε～T relation does not obey Curie-Weiss law, but follows Smolenskii's relation.The piezoelectric properties of PMN-PT ceramics are similar to PZT-5H, but with higher and k31.

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