利用原子力显微镜研究了MgCl2介质中氧化铝表面相互作用力随距离的变化.发现当MgCl2介质浓度为10-4mol/L,pH分别为3.96和7.92时,在两表面距离＜10nm处存在一短程非双电层排斥力.pH进一步提高到9.5,MgCl2介质浓度在10-4～10-2mol/L时,也存在短程排斥作用.它阻止了两表面由于范德华力产生的吸引.在较低和中等pH条件下,短程斥力来源于水合镁离子在氧化铝表面的特性吸附;在较高pH条件下,镁离子以各种氢氧化物形式吸附在氧化铝表面产生短程排斥力.随pH的升高,这种吸附层变得致密而失去弹性.
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